Yintoni impahla ye-PLA

Yintoni impahla ye-PLA?

I-Polylactic acid, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-PLA, yi-monoma ye-thermoplastic ephuma kwimithombo ehlaziyiweyo, ephilayo efana nesitatshi sombona okanye iswekile.Ukusebenzisa izixhobo ze-biomass kwenza imveliso ye-PLA yahluke kwiiplastiki ezininzi, eziveliswa kusetyenziswa amafutha e-fossil ngokusebenzisa i-distillation kunye ne-polymerization ye-petroleum.

Ngaphandle kokwahluka kwempahla ekrwada, i-PLA inokuveliswa kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezifanayo neeplastiki zepetrochemical, nto leyo eyenza iinkqubo zokwenziwa kwe-PLA zibe neendleko ezifanelekileyo.I-PLA yeyesibini i-bioplastic eveliswa kakhulu (emva kwesitashi se-thermoplastic) kwaye ineempawu ezifanayo kwi-polypropylene (PP), i-polyethylene (PE), okanye i-polystyrene (PS), kunye nokuba yi-biodegradeable.

I-Institute of biodegradable materials ichaze ukuba izinto ze-PLA zinethuba elihle lokufaka isicelo kwintsimi yokupakisha, kodwa ayifezekanga ekuqineni, ukumelana nobushushu, i-antibacterial kunye ne-barrier properties.Xa isetyenziselwa ukupakisha ukuthutha, ukupakishwa kwe-antibacterial kunye nokupakishwa okuhlakaniphile kunye neemfuno eziphezulu zezi zakhiwo, kufuneka ziphuculwe ngakumbi.Kuthekani ngokusetyenziswa kwe-PLA kwintsimi yokupakisha?Ziziphi iingenelo kunye nemida?

Ezi ntsilelo ze-PLA zinokulungiswa nge-copolymerization, ukudibanisa, iplastiki kunye nolunye uhlengahlengiso.Kwisiseko sokugcina izibonelelo ezicacileyo kunye nezonakeleyo ze-PLA, inokuphucula ngakumbi ukuthotywa, ukuqina, ukumelana nobushushu, umqobo, ukuhanjiswa kunye nezinye iipropathi ze-PLA, ukunciphisa iindleko zokuvelisa, kwaye zenze ukuba zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi ekupakisheni.
Ezi ndaba zazisa inkqubela yophando yokuguqulwa kwe-PLA esetyenziswe kwintsimi yokupakisha
1. Ukuthotywa

I-PLA ngokwayo izinzile kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi, kodwa kulula ukuthotywa ngokukhawuleza kwimekobume yobushushu obuphezulu, i-acid-base okanye i-microbial.Izinto ezichaphazela ukuthotywa kwe-PLA ziquka ubunzima be-molecular, i-crystalline state, i-microstructure, ubushushu bendalo kunye nomswakama, ixabiso le-pH, ixesha lokukhanyisa kunye ne-microorganisms engqongileyo.

Xa isetyenziselwa ukupakisha, umjikelo wokuthotywa kwe-PLA akulula ukuwulawula.Umzekelo, ngenxa yokonakala kwayo, izikhongozeli zePLA zisetyenziswa kakhulu ekupakishweni kokutya kwiishelufu zexesha elifutshane.Ke ngoko, kuyafuneka ukulawula izinga lokuthotywa ngedoping okanye ukudibanisa ezinye izinto kwi-PLA ngokwemiba efana nokujikeleza kwemveliso kunye nobomi beshelufa, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba iimveliso ezipakishiweyo zinokukhuselwa ngokukhuselekileyo ngaphakathi kwexesha kwaye zithotywe. ixesha emva kokulahlwa.

2. Ukusebenza komqobo

Umqobo kukukwazi ukuthintela ukuhanjiswa kwerhasi kunye nomphunga wamanzi, ukwabizwa ngokuba ngumswakama kunye nokumelana negesi.Umqobo ubaluleke kakhulu ekupakishweni kokutya.Umzekelo, ukupakishwa kwevacuum, ukupakishwa kwe-inflatable kunye nokupakishwa kwe-atmosphere eguquliweyo zonke zifuna umqobo wezinto eziphathekayo ukuba ulunge kangangoko kunokwenzeka;Umoya olawulwa ngokuzenzekelayo ukugcinwa kweziqhamo kunye nemifuno ezitsha kufuna ukunyanzeliswa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo kwiigesi ezifana ne-oksijini kunye ne-carbon dioxide;Ukupakishwa kobungqina bokufuma kufuna ukuxhathisa okulungileyo kokufuma kwezinto;Ukupakishwa kwe-Anti rust kufuna ukuba izinto zinokuvala igesi kunye nokufuma.

Xa kuthelekiswa nesithintelo esiphezulu se-nayiloni kunye ne-polyvinylidene chloride, i-PLA ineoksijini engekho mgangathweni kunye nesithintelo somphunga wamanzi.Xa ifakwe kwi-package, ayinayo ukhuseleko olwaneleyo lokutya okunamafutha.

3.Ukumelana nobushushu
Ukunganyangeki kobushushu bezinto ze-PLA kungenxa yesantya sayo esicothayo se-crystallization kunye ne-crystallinity ephantsi.Ubushushu be-thermal deformation ye-amorphous PLA bumalunga nama-55 ℃ kuphela.I-polylactic acid straw engalungiswanga inokumelana nobushushu.Ke ngoko, i-PLA straw ifaneleka ngakumbi kwiziselo ezifudumeleyo nezibandayo, kwaye ubushushu bokunyamezelana bu-10 ℃ ukuya kuma-50 ℃.

Nangona kunjalo, ekusetyenzisweni okubonakalayo, indiza yeziselo zeti yobisi kunye nentonga evuselela ikofu kufuneka ihlangabezane nokumelana nobushushu ngaphezu kwe-80 ℃.Oku kufuna ukuguqulwa kwisiseko sokuqala, esinokutshintsha iimpawu ze-PLA kwiinkalo ezimbini: ukuguqulwa komzimba kunye neekhemikhali.Ukudityaniswa okuninzi, ukwandiswa kwekhonkco kunye nokuhambelana, ukuzaliswa kwe-inorganic kunye nezinye iitekhnoloji zinokumkelwa ukutshintsha ukuxhathisa ubushushu be-PLA ngokwayo kwaye kwaphule umqobo wobugcisa be-PLA straw material.

Ukusebenza okuthe ngqo kukuba ubude bekhonkco lesebe le-PLA bunokulawulwa ngokutshintsha umlinganiselo wokutya we-PLA kunye ne-agent ye-nucleating.Ixesha elide ikhonkco lesebe, ubukhulu be-molecular weight, i-TG enkulu, ukuqina kwezinto eziphathekayo kuphuculwe kwaye kuphuculwe ukuzinza kwe-thermal, ukuze kuphuculwe ukuxhathisa ubushushu be-PLA kunye nokuthintela ukuziphatha kokuthotywa kwe-thermal ye-PLA.